ECCOMAS 2024

Phase-Field-Based Chemo-Mechanical Modelling of Corrosion-Induced Cracking in Reinforced Concrete

  • Korec, Evžen (Imperial College London)
  • Jirásek, Milan (Czech Technical University in Prague)
  • S. Wong, Hong (Imperial College London)
  • Martínez-Paneda, Emilio (University of Oxford)

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A new model for corrosion-induced cracking in reinforced concrete is presented [1]. Corrosion of steel in concrete is responsible for 70-90% of prematurely deteriorated reinforced concrete structures and can even cause structural failure as infamously documented by recent collapses of aerated concrete panels in British schools. The state-of-the-art knowledge of involved chemo-mechanical processes is captured in several coupled parts of the model. Firstly, the diffusion-driven reactive transport of both aggressive species initiating corrosion (such as chlorides) and iron ions subsequently released from the corroding steel surface was simulated. In addition, the enhancing impact of corrosion-induced cracks on diffusive transport was considered. As iron ions precipitate into rust, its constrained accumulation into a dense rust layer (the space vacated by steel corrosion) as well as in concrete pores exerts pressure on concrete which was predicted and a new precipitation eigenstrain concept was introduced. The quasi-brittle fracture of concrete was then simulated with a phase-field model. The proposed model was implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics software and solved numerically with the finite element method. Both uniform and non-uniform corrosion case studies were investigated and validated with experimental data. Importantly, the model allows to simulate the impact of the magnitude of the current density on the propagation rate of cracks, which has been puzzling researchers for over 25 years. [1] E. Korec, M. Jirásek, H.S. Wong, E. Martínez-Pañeda, Phase-field chemo-mechanical modelling of corrosion-induced cracking in reinforced concrete subjected to non-uniform chloride-induced corrosion, Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics. (2023) 104233.