On the Dynamic Stall of Flapping Foils using a High-Order DG Scheme and Hybrid RANS/LES Models
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Flapping foils tend to replicate many practical fluid dynamics problems, such as the tail movement of body-caudal fin swimmers and active/passive control surfaces of vessels and aircrafts, hence they represent a very important problem that is still thoroughly investigated by the academic and industrial community. Following previous studies carried out for two-dimensional hydrofoils, in the present work we extend the analysis to three-dimensional geometries using scale resolving approaches in order to gain a deeper insight on the dynamic stall phenomenon in the context of flapping motion. To do so, we make use of an incompressible high-order discontinuous Galerkin solver, where the unknowns are written in the absolute frame of reference to avoid remeshing or mesh deformation at each time step. The problem is addressed using several variants/modifications of a hybrid RANS/LES turbulence model, i.e. the Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation (DDES). The inclusion of an algebraic transition model is also considered. All the aforementioned results are compared with the Spalart-Allmaras (SA) RANS method to outline the main advantages brought by these more sophisticated models. To mitigate the large amount of computational resources required to simulate such highly unsteady flows, we employ an implicit adaptive time stepping algorithm.