ECCOMAS 2024

Numerical investigation on the aerodynamic performance of a bioinspired micro-scale wind turbine

  • Catalán, Juan Manuel (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid)
  • Arranz, Gonzalo (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
  • Moriche, Manuel (TU Wien)
  • Guerrero-Hurtado, Manuel (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid)
  • García-Villalba, Manuel (TU Wien)
  • Flores, Oscar (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid)

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The digital transition has expanded the use of wireless sensor networks in industry, agri- culture, and Earth sensing, facilitating making real-time decisions by collecting and trans- mitting information. To ensure the widespread deployment of these devices, autonomously powered sensors are essential. Compact wind turbines operating at very low wind speeds, of the order of a breeze, offer a solution for micro-scale power generation in diverse envi- ronments. The present work aims at investigating the feasibility of a micro-scale nature- inspired rotor, based on the auto-rotational flight of winged seeds like samaras. Free-falling samaras exhibit high aerodynamic efficiency stemming from the tight coupling between its inertia and the aerodynamic forces developed. Therefore, the idea is to design a rotor made of blades that mimic the motion of a free-falling samara, whose attitude is tightly coupled with its inertia and the aerodynamic forces generated by the blade. In particular, the blades of our rotor are free to rotate in two directions (i.e., pitching and coning angles), while they rotate around the hub at a prescribed angular velocity. To address this challenging fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problem, we use a FSI multi- body methodology [1]. The hub of the rotor and the blades are modelled as independent rigid bodies, joined by kinematic constraints. The equations of motion of the resulting system of rigid bodies are solved using the hybrid dynamics solver of the Rigid Body Dynamics Library [2], coupled to a fluid solver that uses the immersed boundary method of Uhlmann [3]. To illustrate the validity of the approach, we present results for several operational conditions of the rotor in terms of flow field, blade’s attitude and power coefficient. REFERENCES [1] Arranz, G., et al. (2022) J. Fluids and Struct., 110, 103519. [2] Felis, M.L. (2017) Auton. Rob., 41, (2), 495-511. [3] Uhlmann, M. (2005) J. Comput. Phys. 209, (2), 448–476.