ECCOMAS 2024

In-silico study on the influence of implant material on secondary bone healing

  • Nayak, Gargi Shankar (Saarland University)
  • Roland, Michael (Saarland University)
  • Wiese, Björn (Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon)
  • Hort, Norbert (Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon)
  • Diebels, Stefan (Saarland University)

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The choice of implant material at the fracture site has an influence on the fracture healing not only from the biological perspective but also from the mechanical perspective. Biodegradable implants such as magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) have shown to fasten the secondary bone healing process as compared to that of bioinert implants such as titanium (Ti) [1]. In general, this benefit of Mg was seen mostly only from biocompatibility perspectives [2]. However, the advantage of Mg is also there in terms of mechanical perspectives. We studied the effect of Ti and Mg as base materials for implants from mechanical perspectives in the initial phase of bone healing. The focus is on the displacements at the fracture site of the tibia and their influence on the stimulus for bone healing. Claes tissue differentiation theory was used to evaluate the conditions for secondary healing at the callus [3]. In addition, the stress distribution in the implant and was bone was measured in order to quantify the change in the stress shielding conditions. In comparison, Mg implants have minimal stress shielding problem than Ti, which led to better mechanical stimulus at the fracture site. The conditions for secondary bone healing were better when Mg implants were used. The study illustrates the benefits of Mg for osteological implants from mechanical perspectives and the potential to replace Ti for fracture treatment in the future. REFERENCES [1] K. Jähn et al., “Intramedullary Mg2Ag nails augment callus formation during fracture healing in mice,” Acta Biomater, vol. 36, pp. 350–360, May 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.03.041. [2] H. Y. López, D. A. Cortés-Hernández, S. Escobedo, and D. Mantovani, “In Vitro Bioactivity Assessment of Metallic Magnesium,” Key Eng Mater, vol. 309–311, pp. 453–456, May 2006, doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.309-311.453. [3] L. E. Claes and C. A. Heigele, “Magnitudes of local stress and strain along bony surfaces predict the course and type of fracture healing,” 1999.